Plots Level

for the formula method, a formula of the form z ~ x * y | g1 * g2 * .., where z is a numeric response, andx, y are numeric values evaluated on a rectangulargrid. g1, g2, .. are optional conditional variables, andmust be either factors or shingles if present.

Calculations are based on the assumption that all x and y values areevaluated on a grid (defined by their unique values). The functionwill not return an error if this is not true, but the display mightnot be meaningful. However, the x and y values need not be equallyspaced.

Both levelplot and wireframe have methods formatrix, array, and table objects, in which casex provides the z vector described above, while itsrows and columns are interpreted as the x and yvectors respectively. This is similar to the form used infilled.contour and image. For higher-dimensionalarrays and tables, further dimensions are used as conditioningvariables. Note that the dimnames may be duplicated; this ishandled by calling make.unique to make the namesunique (although the original labels are used for the x- andy-axes).

For the formula methods, an optional data frame in whichvariables in the formula (as well as groups andsubset, if any) are to be evaluated. Usually ignored with awarning in other cases.

Optional vectors of values thatdefine the grid when x is a matrix. row.values andcolumn.values must have the same lengths as nrow(x)and ncol(x) respectively. By default, row and columnnumbers.

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panel function used to create the display, as described inxyplot

For the matrix methods, the default aspect ratio is chosen tomake each cell square. The usual default is aspect='fill',as described in xyplot.

A numeric vector giving breakpoints along the range ofz. Contours (if any) will be drawn at these heights, and theregions in between would be colored using col.regions. Inthe latter case, values outside the range of at will not bedrawn at all. This serves as a way to limit the range of the datashown, similar to what a zlim argument might have been usedfor. However, this also means that when supplying atexplicitly, one has to be careful to include values outside therange of z to ensure that all the data are shown.

at can have length one only if region=FALSE.

color vector to be used if regions is TRUE. Thegeneral idea is that this should be a color vector of moderatelylarge length (longer than the number of regions. By default this is100). It is expected that this vector would be gradually varying incolor (so that nearby colors would be similar). When the colors areactually chosen, they are chosen to be equally spaced along thisvector. When there are more regions than colors incol.regions, the colors are recycled. The actual colorassignment is performed by level.colors, which isdocumented separately.

numeric, specifying alpha transparency (works only on some devices)

logical specifying whether a color key is to be drawnalongside the plot, or a list describing the color key. The list maycontain the following components:

space:

location of the colorkey, can be one of 'left','right', 'top' and 'bottom'. Defaults to'right'.

x, y:

location, currently unused

col:

A color ramp specification, as in the col.regionsargument in level.colors

at:

numeric vector specifying where the colors change. must be oflength 1 more than the col vector.

tri.lower, tri.upper:

Logical or numeric controlling whether the first and lastintervals should be triangular instead of rectangular. With thedefault value (NA), this happens only if thecorresponding extreme at values are -Inf orInf respectively, and the triangles occupy 5% of thetotal length of the color key. If numeric and between 0 and0.25, these give the corresponding fraction, which is again 5%when specified as TRUE.

labels:

a character vector for labelling the at values, or morecommonly, a list describing characteristics of the labels. Thislist may include components labels, at,cex, col, rot, font, fontfaceand fontfamily.

tick.number:

The approximate number of ticks desired.

tck:

A (scalar) multipler for tick lengths.

corner:

Interacts with x, y; currently unimplemented

width:

The width of the key

height:

The length of key as a fraction of theappropriate side of plot.

raster:

A logical flag indicating whether thecolorkey should be rendered as a raster image usinggrid.raster. See alsopanel.levelplot.raster.

interpolate:

Logical flag, passed torasterGrob when raster=TRUE.

axis.line:

A list giving graphical parameters forthe color key boundary and tick marks. Defaults totrellis.par.get('axis.line').

axis.text:

A list giving graphical parameters forthe tick mark labels on the color key. Defaults totrellis.par.get('axis.text').

A logical flag, indicating whether to draw contour lines.

The number of levels the range of z would be divided into.

Typically a logical indicating whether contour lines should belabelled, but other possibilities for more sophisticated controlexists. Details are documented in the help page forpanel.levelplot, to which this argument is passed onunchanged. That help page also documents the label.styleargument, which affects how the labels are rendered.

A logical flag, indicating whether to use pretty cut locations andlabels.

A logical flag, indicating whether regions between contour linesshould be filled as in a level plot.

These arguments are described in the help page forxyplot.

Occasional paper 25. Fallback prepanel function. See xyplot.

Further arguments may be supplied. Some are processed bylevelplot or contourplot, and those that areunrecognized are passed on to the panel function.

A logical flag indicating whether raster representations should beused, both for the false color image and the color key (if present).Effectively, setting this to TRUE changes the default panelfunction from panel.levelplot topanel.levelplot.raster, and sets the default value ofcolorkey$raster to TRUE.

Note that panel.levelplot.raster provides only asubset of the features of panel.levelplot, but settinguseRaster=TRUE will not check whether any of the additionalfeatures have been requested.

Not all devices support raster images. For devices that appear tolack support, useRaster=TRUE will be ignored with a warning.

for the formula method, a formula of the form z ~ x * y | g1 * g2 * .., where z is a numeric response, andx, y are numeric values evaluated on a rectangulargrid. g1, g2, .. are optional conditional variables, andmust be either factors or shingles if present.

Calculations are based on the assumption that all x and y values areevaluated on a grid (defined by their unique values). The functionwill not return an error if this is not true, but the display mightnot be meaningful. However, the x and y values need not be equallyspaced.

Both levelplot and wireframe have methods formatrix, array, and table objects, in which casex provides the z vector described above, while itsrows and columns are interpreted as the x and yvectors respectively. This is similar to the form used infilled.contour and image. For higher-dimensionalarrays and tables, further dimensions are used as conditioningvariables. Note that the dimnames may be duplicated; this ishandled by calling make.unique to make the namesunique (although the original labels are used for the x- andy-axes).

For the formula methods, an optional data frame in whichvariables in the formula (as well as groups andsubset, if any) are to be evaluated. Usually ignored with awarning in other cases.

Optional vectors of values thatdefine the grid when x is a matrix. row.values andcolumn.values must have the same lengths as nrow(x)and ncol(x) respectively. By default, row and columnnumbers.

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panel function used to create the display, as described inxyplot

For the matrix methods, the default aspect ratio is chosen tomake each cell square. The usual default is aspect='fill',as described in xyplot.

A numeric vector giving breakpoints along the range ofz. Contours (if any) will be drawn at these heights, and theregions in between would be colored using col.regions. Inthe latter case, values outside the range of at will not bedrawn at all. This serves as a way to limit the range of the datashown, similar to what a zlim argument might have been usedfor. However, this also means that when supplying atexplicitly, one has to be careful to include values outside therange of z to ensure that all the data are shown.

at can have length one only if region=FALSE.

color vector to be used if regions is TRUE. Thegeneral idea is that this should be a color vector of moderatelylarge length (longer than the number of regions. By default this is100). It is expected that this vector would be gradually varying incolor (so that nearby colors would be similar). When the colors areactually chosen, they are chosen to be equally spaced along thisvector. When there are more regions than colors incol.regions, the colors are recycled. The actual colorassignment is performed by level.colors, which isdocumented separately.

numeric, specifying alpha transparency (works only on some devices)

logical specifying whether a color key is to be drawnalongside the plot, or a list describing the color key. The list maycontain the following components:

space:

location of the colorkey, can be one of 'left','right', 'top' and 'bottom'. Defaults to'right'.

x, y:

location, currently unused

col:

A color ramp specification, as in the col.regionsargument in level.colors

at:

numeric vector specifying where the colors change. must be oflength 1 more than the col vector.

tri.lower, tri.upper:

Logical or numeric controlling whether the first and lastintervals should be triangular instead of rectangular. With thedefault value (NA), this happens only if thecorresponding extreme at values are -Inf orInf respectively, and the triangles occupy 5% of thetotal length of the color key. If numeric and between 0 and0.25, these give the corresponding fraction, which is again 5%when specified as TRUE.

labels:

a character vector for labelling the at values, or morecommonly, a list describing characteristics of the labels. Thislist may include components labels, at,cex, col, rot, font, fontfaceand fontfamily.

tick.number:

The approximate number of ticks desired.

tck:

A (scalar) multipler for tick lengths.

corner:

Interacts with x, y; currently unimplemented

width:

The width of the key

height:

The length of key as a fraction of theappropriate side of plot.

raster:

A logical flag indicating whether thecolorkey should be rendered as a raster image usinggrid.raster. See alsopanel.levelplot.raster.

interpolate:

Logical flag, passed torasterGrob when raster=TRUE.

axis.line:

A list giving graphical parameters forthe color key boundary and tick marks. Defaults totrellis.par.get('axis.line').

axis.text:

A list giving graphical parameters forthe tick mark labels on the color key. Defaults totrellis.par.get('axis.text').

A logical flag, indicating whether to draw contour lines.

The number of levels the range of z would be divided into.

Typically a logical indicating whether contour lines should belabelled, but other possibilities for more sophisticated controlexists. Details are documented in the help page forpanel.levelplot, to which this argument is passed onunchanged. That help page also documents the label.styleargument, which affects how the labels are rendered.

A logical flag, indicating whether to use pretty cut locations andlabels.

A logical flag, indicating whether regions between contour linesshould be filled as in a level plot.

These arguments are described in the help page forxyplot.

Occasional paper 25. Fallback prepanel function. See xyplot.

Further arguments may be supplied. Some are processed bylevelplot or contourplot, and those that areunrecognized are passed on to the panel function.

A logical flag indicating whether raster representations should beused, both for the false color image and the color key (if present).Effectively, setting this to TRUE changes the default panelfunction from panel.levelplot topanel.levelplot.raster, and sets the default value ofcolorkey$raster to TRUE.

Note that panel.levelplot.raster provides only asubset of the features of panel.levelplot, but settinguseRaster=TRUE will not check whether any of the additionalfeatures have been requested.

Not all devices support raster images. For devices that appear tolack support, useRaster=TRUE will be ignored with a warning.